1. Planning Your Setup
Tank Selection: Start with a 10-20 gallon tank (45×45cm recommended) for easier maintenance. Ensure it has a built-in filtration compartment to hide equipment.
Substrate Layers: Use nutrient-poor substrates like coconut fiber or sphagnum moss (avoid garden soil). Create elevation with PVC panels covered by black sponge/mesh for drainage.
Lighting & Humidity: Install LED lights (8-10 hours/day). For humidity, use an automatic misting system (target 80% RH) to mimic rainforest conditions.
2. Hardscape & Plant Arrangement
Driftwood Basics: Choose spiderwood or Malaysian driftwood as centerpieces. Position vertically/near the top to resemble tree roots. Secure with aquarium-safe glue to prevent floating.
Plant Stratification:
Epiphytes: Attach java fern/anubias to driftwood.
Ground Cover: Use weeping moss or mini ferns to fill gaps.
Emergent Plants: Pothos or peace lilies (roots submerged) add vertical interest.
Avoid overcrowding – leave 40% open space for fish movement.
3. Common Pitfalls & Solutions
Water Issues: Presoak driftwood for 2 weeks to prevent tannin staining. Use activated carbon if water yellows.
Algae Control: Limit light to 8 hours, add nerite snails/shrimp as cleaners.
Livestock Mistakes: Research species compatibility (e.g., neon tetras prefer soft water; avoid pairing with aggressive cichlids).
4. Maintenance Routine
Weekly: 25% water changes, trim overgrown plants.
Monthly: Clean filter sponges, check equipment.
Always quarantine new plants/fish for 2 weeks to prevent disease.
Pro Tip: Sketch your layout beforehand using apps like "Aqua Designer" to visualize spacing.