Essential Precautions for Stone Aquascaping

1. Stone Selection Risks

Avoid Alkaline Stones: Limestone, coral rocks, and Texas holey rock may dramatically increase pH (>8.0), harming most freshwater species. Test with vinegar (bubbles indicate calcium carbonate).
Sharp Edges: Sandstone edges can injure fish like fancy goldfish. Use a file to smooth or opt for rounded river stones.

2. Structural Stability

Base Support: Always place stones directly on the tank bottom glass, not on substrate alone, to prevent shifting. Use egg crate light diffuser as a stabilizing grid.
Gravity Center: Keep heavy stones low. For stacked structures, bond with aquarium-safe epoxy (e.g., Seachem Flourish Glue).

3. Ecological Balance

Algae Triggers: New stones often leach silicates, fueling diatoms. Pre-soak for 2 weeks or introduce silicate-absorbing filter media.
Biofilm Management: Beneficial bacterial films on porous lava rock are normal; scrub only if excessively slimy.

4. Fauna Compatibility

Burrowing Hazards: Cichlids may destabilize rock piles. Secure structures with acrylic rods drilled into stone.
Shrimp Safety: Crushed stone gaps <1.5mm can trap dwarf shrimp. Fill voids with moss or stainless steel mesh.

5. Maintenance Pitfalls

Cleaning Mistakes: Never use bleach or soap. Boiling may fracture certain stones. Opt for hydrogen peroxide soak (3% solution, 24hrs).
Re-scaping Caution: Disturbing established rockwork releases trapped detritus, risking ammonia spikes. Vacuum substrate thoroughly beforehand.

Always cycle tanks for 4-6 weeks after adding stones to stabilize microbial colonies. Monitor pH/GH weekly with liquid test kits.