Ultimate Aquascaping Guide for Beginners

(Updated: August 2025)

Phase 1: Foundation Setup

1.1 Equipment Selection

  • Tank Size‌: 20-40L nano tanks (easiest for beginners)
  • Filtration‌: Hang-on-back (HOB) filters for beginners; canister filters for advanced setups
  • Lighting‌: Full-spectrum LEDs (PAR 30-50 for low-light plants)

1.2 Substrate & Hardscape

  • Substrate Layers‌:
Base layer: Lava rock (2cm)  
Middle layer: ADA AquaSoil Amazonia (3-4cm)  
Top layer: AquaSoil active substrate (1-2cm)  
  • Hardscape Materials‌:
    • Driftwood: Malaysian/spider wood (boiled 2 hours to remove tannins)
    • Rocks: Seiryu stone/windstone (avoid calcium-based rocks to prevent pH spikes)

Phase 2: Layout Techniques

2.1 Golden Ratio (1:1.618)

Apply to focal point placement  

Examples‌:

  • Dutch Style‌: Red Ludwigia as the centerpiece
  • Iwagumi Style‌: Primary rock with 3-5 secondary rocks (odd numbers work best)

2.2 Plant Selection

Zone

Beginner Plants

Advanced Plants

Foreground

Dwarf Hairgrass

Glossostigma elatinoides

Midground

Anubias nana

Bucephalandra spp.

Background

Rotala sp.

Rotala 'Colorata'

Phase 3: Pro Tips & Maintenance

3.1 Lighting Schedule

06:00-08:00: 30% intensity  
08:00-14:00: 100% full light  
14:00-20:00: 30% gradual dimming  

(Simulates natural sunrise/sunset cycles)

3.2 Maintenance Checklist

  • Daily: Algae biofilm removal with a soft brush
  • Weekly: 30% water change + plant pruning
  • Monthly: Filter media cleaning (use tank water)

Troubleshooting

Problem‌: Algae bloom
Solution‌:

  1. Reduce lighting to 6 hours/day
  2. Add Amano shrimp (5 shrimp/10L)
  3. Apply liquid carbon (2mL/10L)

Problem‌: Cloudy water
Solution‌:

  • Use Seachem Purigen (1 tab/100L)
  • Check for overfeeding

Additional Notes

  • This guide integrates the ‌latest standards from the Dutch Aquatic Plant Society (NEC)‌ and ‌trending TikTok aquascapes‌.
  • For plant identification, use ‌Tropica Plant Finder App‌.
  • Need detailed layouts for ‌Nature Style‌ or ‌Minimalist Style‌? Specify your preference!